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Norman Bromberger Back to top
Norman Bromberger was an outstanding co-operator. He contributed to the success of credit unions and co-operatives in Saskatchewan, across Canada, South Africa and Sri Lanka. Bromberger was Research Director and then CEO of Credit Union Central of Saskatchewan for twenty-seven years. As Research Director he designed the district delegate structure which became the prototype for many provincial credit union and co-operative systems. As CEO, Bromberger continually mentored and supported the development of young professionals, particularly women at a time when there were few opportunities or supports. Under Bromberger’s leadership, SaskCentral was highly successful and respected, offering national leadership, continuous service innovation and often human and financial resources to assist other co-operatives.

Bromberger played a prominent role in the development of Credit Union Central of Canada and the Canadian Co-operative Association. He served on the first board of CCA and continually showed commitment to co-operation among co-operatives. In addition, Bromberger made commitments to innovation, education and to the development of co-operatives in poor communities in Canada and internationally. Under his leadership, SaskCentral was the first provincial central to commit to a per-member pledge to the Co-operative Development Foundation (CDF). Bromberger’s commitment to co-operation and co-operatives continues to live today, through his legacy of outstanding leadership and a bursary named after him.

Dr. Moses Coady Back to top
Born in Margaree, Cape Breton, NS, Dr. Moses Coady went on to make waves in the co-operative world. During his younger years, Coady became uncomfortable with the out-migration of people in his community as well as people all over the province.

The Antigonish Movement evolved from the pioneering work of Rev. Dr. Moses Coady and Rev. Jimmy Tompkins in the 1920s. The local community development movement originated as a response to the poverty afflicting famers, fishers, miners and other disadvantaged groups in Eastern Canada. Dr. Coady and his associates used a practical and successful strategy of adult education and group action that   began with the immediate economic needs of the local people.

Recognizing the leadership of Dr. Coady and his inherent dignity of every person, in 1928 he was asked by the St. F.X. Board of Governors to establish the university’s extension department, and was appointed the first director.

The Coady International Institute continues to believe in a participatory group process of development based on adult education and socioeconomic co-operation to effect positive change in both local and global institutions and structures.

Alphonse Desjardins Back to top
Alphonse Desjardins was a man of neither business nor finance. Born to impoverished parents of 15 children, Desjardins was forced to leave school at an early age to help feed his family but later became a self-taught journalist. It was in his capacity as a parliamentary stenographer that Desjardins heard, in the House of Commons, a debate that changed forever the orientation of his life. On April 6, 1897, Michael Quinn, MP for Montreal-Ste. Anne, submitted a bill that would prohibit lenders from charging outrageous interest rates to desperate people. Quinn cited one recent example whereby a man had to pay $1,500 to cover a $150 loan taken to save his family from destitution. Desjardins was horrified at what he had learned that day and realized the case was similar for thousands of French Canadians. He resolved to find a cure for the financial woes besetting the agricultural and labouring classes of Quebec.

After two years of study and correspondence with founders in Europe, Desjardins opened North America’s first co-operative loan and saving society (a caisse populaire or ‘people’s bank’) in Levis, Quebec in 1900. Today, the Desjardins Group is the largest integrated co-operative financial group in Canada, with overall assets of $152 billion.

Harry L. Fowler Back to top
Harry L. Fowler, teacher, bank employee, and then employee in a farm machinery business in Wilcox, Saskatchewan. He was the leading spirit behind the formation of the Co-operative Refinery in 1935, perhaps his crowning achievement. He was involved in the organisation of another thirteen major co-operatives, including Co-operative Life, Co-op Fire and Casualty, Co-operative Trust, Co-op Implements, and the Canadian Co-operative Credit Society. He served on the boards of sixteen major co-operatives during his co-operative career, including serving as President of Federated Co-operatives. It was said of him: “If you haven’t heard him advance a new idea, you haven’t talked to him in the last five minutes”. Possessing a restless intelligence and an acute sense of what was needed in rural Saskatchewan, Fowler was the epitome of co-operative entrepreneurship. In the process, he often encountered reluctance among less optimistic and confident co-operators in the province and across Canada. Though a native of Prince Edward Island, he had a deep love of rural life on the Prairies and served on the Saskatchewan Royal Commission on Rural Life from 1952 to 1956. He and his wife, Dorothy, retired to Abbotsford, British Columbia, where he lived with other retired co-operators in one of the first co-operative housing projects in western Canada.
Rod Glen Back to top
Rod Glen was a visionary and driving force in the development of the credit union system in British Columbia, Canada and internationally. He led the creation and merger of the Credit Union League of BC and the BC Central, to create the Credit Union Central of British Columbia. He was also a driving force in establishing a credible presence at the national level and a leading player in the creation of Credit Union Central of  Canada.

At the international level, Glen was one of the visionaries who created the World Council of Credit Unions.

Also active at the community level, Glen was always a strong advocate of credit unions and mobilized the membership of his community credit union to form the Mid-Island Co-op.

W.C. Good Back to top
W.C. Good,  a farmer who lived near Brantford, was one of the most important agrarian leaders in Canada. 

Once an instructor at the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, he held a strong interest in economic, social and religious issues and was very involved in the Social Gospel activities of the Methodist Church.

In 1914 he helped organize the United Farmers’ Co-operative in   Ontario, becoming its first President. Good was a proponent for    farmers’ unity and founded the Canadian Council of Agriculture in 1909 with E.C. Drury and E.A. Partridge. He was a prominent     member of the Progressive Party of Canada and was elected to the House of Commons in 1921, representing Brant as its Member of Parliament until 1925.

During this time, Good was also elected President of the Co-operative Union of Canada, and he served in this position from 1921 to 1945. Good was a strong advocate of co-operative action and was greatly influenced by George Keen.

John James Harpell Back to top
One of the most influential people for the worker co-operative movement in Canada was industrialist John James Harpell. In 1918, Harpell established the Garden City press, a company that provided publishing, printing and editing services in Quebec, and which was built on a model of employee empowerment and community development. The “Garden City” worker-community concept was one that Harpell was introduced to in 1910 during a trip to Europe, which he then implemented in St. Anne-de-Bellevue by purchasing 10 acres of land on which housing, recreational activities, and gardens for the employees of Garden City Press were developed.

In 1922, Harpell established the Institute of Industrial Arts, and the St. Anne’s Study Club, which were aimed at industrial workers, particularly in the pulp and paper industry. Some of the courses were held at Garden City Press for which Harpell would pay the full tuition for his employees if they chose to attend. Completion of the courses were then used as incentives for the promotion of employees. In 1935, in a show of solidarity for community development, adult education and co-operatives during the Depression, Harpell used Garden City Press to publish literature for the Antigonish Movement.

Peter Hlushko Back to top

Peter Hlushko dedicated his adult life and career to co-operatives. His career in the co-operative sector began with the United Co-operatives of Ontario, where he worked for many years as a Training Manager and later as the Director of Personnel. In 1970, Peter began his 20 year career with The Co-operators, first in Personnel and then he moved into the Democratic Process and Corporate Secretary role. He was also very active in the co-operative community where he served as President of the Association of Co-operative Educators (ACE), Chair of the Co-operative College of Canada, and Director and Executive Committee member of the Canadian Co-operative Association.

Following Hlusko’s death in 1992, The Co-operators Board of Directors approved the establishment of the Peter Hlushko Co-operative Studies Fund. The fund was established to encourage education in co-operative studies, and to be used to sponsor CCA educational program participants and speakers. This Fund continues to be administered today by CCA.
George Keen Back to top
George Keen called five other men together in Hamilton on March 6, 1909 to create the Co-operative Union of Canada. At this meeting, Keen became the founding General Secretary of the Co-operative Union of Canada, a position he held from 1909 until 1945.

George Keen was a passionate leader, committed to promoting co-operatives, educating managers and directors about co-operatives and being an overall spokesperson for the Co-operative Union and all things co-operative.

In addition, Keen wrote and edited the monthly journal, The Canadian Co-operator, for more than 3 decades. He remained loyal to the CUC through growth years and through periods of decline and doubt, and though all the years, he never stopped believing in the potential of co-ops and in the potential of ordinary people to start locally governed co-ops.

George Keen committed the better part of his life to building the movement and a national voice for co-operatives. He led the CUC and supported the co-operative movement through two world wars, a Depression, and through several attacks launched by private businesses against co-operatives. Without Keen’s loyalty and commitment, the CUC may not have survived and without him Canada would not be celebrating its Century of Co-operation in 2009.

Alexander Fraser Laidlaw Back to top
Alexander Fraser Laidlaw is most often attributed as being the father of the nonprofit co-operative housing movement in Canada. Along with Jim MacDonald, Alexander Laidlaw was active in lobbying the government on the merits of co-operative housing as a solution to Canada's pressing need for affordable housing.

Additionally, the renowned leadership of Laidlaw served the cause of the co-operative movement for over forty years in a variety of contexts and through a variety of roles. Some of these roles included being a director of a co-operative in his native Port Hood, NS, international work in both India and Sri Lanka, an adult educator, and General Secretary of the Co-operative Union of Canada from 1958-1968.

Laidlaw was also a prolific writer, authoring several books, including Co-operatives in the Year 2000, a book that reflected Laidlaw’s beliefs in the social purpose of the co-op movement while always advocating sound business methods for co-operative organizations.

Reverend Dr. J.D. Nelson MacDonald Back to top
A long-time leader of the Antigonish Movement and an untiring inspiration and friend to Nova Scotia’s credit unions right up until the time of his passing, Dr. MacDonald dedicated his life to the development of credit unions in Atlantic Canada and far beyond.

Dr. MacDonald was active on the Board of Directors of Credit Union Central of Nova Scotia, from the formation of the organization in 1938 and throughout his life. Through MacDonald’s position as Director on the Board of the Nova Scotia League, he became Vice-President of the Credit Union National Association in 1941, later becoming a Director of the Credit Union National Association Supply Co-operative. From there, he was appointed as a Director to hold the positions of Treasurer, Secretary, Vice-President and finally President of the CUMIS Board of Directors, based in Madison, Wisconsin. This level of involvement in CUMIS has not yet been duplicated by another Canadian.

A former President of Credit Union Central of Nova Scotia, Tom MacIntyre said of Dr. MacDonald that “few men have shown greater interest in improving the condition of the poor, the oppressed, and the so-called ‘little people’ than Dr. MacDonald”. His leadership in organizing many types of co-operatives is legendary throughout Canada and the United States.

Violet McNaughton Back to top
In 1914, Violet McNaughton was the founder and first president of the Women Grain Growers (WGG), the women’s section within the Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association (SGGA). This was the first organization of its kind and “one of the most radical organizations in Canada [which] espoused and pushed through numerous reforms that improved the lives of farm women and their families”. Two of the most important campaigns spearheaded by the WGG were the women’s vote and universal healthcare in Canada. As a result of McNaughton’s work, success was achieved for both campaigns: Saskatchewan women owned the vote in 1917, and provincial legislation was passed in 1916 allowing for towns to hire town doctors and nurses and to build union hospitals. McNaughton also played a critical role in the formation of the Saskatchewan section of the United Farmers of Canada, and the creation of the Egg and Poultry Pool.

In 1925 Violet McNaughton became the editor of the Western Producer, an ag publication delivered to farm families across the Prairie provinces.

Wasyl Topolnicky Back to top
Wasyl Topolnicky is the father of the Ukrainian credit unions in Canada. Topolinicky arrived in Canada in 1927 and as an individual who had witnessed and experienced years of poverty, cold and hunger, he immediately began applying his knowledge and experience. Observing the financial difficulties of Ukrainian workers in the cities, and being familiar with the credit union movement, Topolnicky understood that only mutual assistance and mutual effort could teach these workers to help each other. He firmly believed that by helping their members in everyday life, credit unions also had the chance to form an economic base for the Ukrainian community.

Topolnicky was the driving force behind the Ukrainian credit union movement in Canada and the free world. He organized several co-operative initiatives including: the first Ukrainian credit union in Canada—“Nova Hromada” (The New Community) in Saskatoon in 1939; Kalyna Co-operative in Winnipeg; and the second Ukrainian credit union—the Savings Credit Union Carpathia, in 1940. This credit union is still operating as Carpathia Credit Union and has been proudly serving its members for the past 70 years.

Through Topolnicky’s active participation, he was a part of the founding of six credit unions between 1943 and 1953. For his leading role in the co-operative movement, Topolnicky received several awards including the Ukrainian Canadian Committee’s Shevchenko Medal, a Community Service Award from the City of Winnipeg and posthumously in 2003, the Distinguished Co-operator Award from the Manitoba Co-operative Association.

Henry Wise Wood Back to top
Born into a wealthy and devout Christian family, Henry Wise Wood grew up on family farms in Missouri and Texas. In 1904, Wood visited Alberta, “the Last Best West”, and one year later purchased a farm. His passion and affinity for farming led him to become a director in the United Farmers of Alberta (UFA) in 1914, then to be elected vice-president in 1915. He then went on to serve as the co-operative’s president from 1916-1931.

Wood saw the UFA as a means to improve society as a whole, as the well being of the farm guaranteed the well being of all. During his presidency strong women's and youth movements were established and rural health care was dramatically improved.

Wood was at the forefront in the development of the Alberta Wheat Pool, a voluntary co-operative organized to create stability in the wheat market and enabled Alberta farmers to pool their resources and remain competitive without government interventions.

The Canadian Encyclopedia notes that “Wood’s influence among Prairie farmers was based on widespread respect for his sincerity, religious conviction and devotion to the farmers cause. A gifted orator with a powerful personality, he was a cautious leader who never embraced new issues prematurely, and he was effective as a conciliator.” Wood’s leadership made UFA and the Alberta Wheat Pool powerful co-operative forces in their early years.